Server & Data

Backend Developer

From HTTP semantics and SQL queries to distributed microservices, message queues, and caching.

Progression:0%
0 / 14 Milestones Mastered
L1

1. Beginner

Operating systems, networking, and terminal fluency.

Linux & Shell Scripting

essential

Process management, file permissions, pipes, ssh, curl, top/htop.

Bash scriptingPermissions & chmodSystemctl & servicesNetworking commands

Internet & HTTP Protocols

essential

DNS lookup, TCP/UDP, TLS handshake, HTTP/1.1 vs HTTP/2 vs HTTP/3.

HTTP verbs & headersStatus codesTLS certificatesWebSockets vs Polling
L2

2. Foundation

Choose your primary language and runtime deeply.

Runtime Mastery (Node.js / Go / Python)

essential

Concurrency models: event loop (Node), goroutines (Go), GIL (Python).

Async I/OMemory leaks & GCStreams & buffersChild processes

Relational Databases & SQL

essential

Schema design, normalization (1NF-3NF), ACID transactions, indexing strategies.

B-Tree indexesJOIN optimizationsIsolation levelsForeign key constraints
L3

3. Core Skills

API design paradigms, validation, and security fundamentals.

RESTful & RPC API Architecture

essential

Resource modeling, idempotency, versioning, pagination (cursor vs offset), rate limiting.

REST conventionsgRPC & ProtobufCursor paginationOpenAPI spec

Authentication & Authorization

essential

JWT, OAuth 2.0, OpenID Connect, RBAC, session cookies vs Bearer tokens.

Refresh tokensOAuth grant typesPassword hashing (Argon2/bcrypt)RBAC/ABAC
L4

4. Framework

Production web frameworks, middleware pipelines, and ORMs.

Production Framework (Express/NestJS/FastAPI)

essential

Dependency injection, middleware chain, validation pipes, interceptors.

Middleware lifecycleDTO validationError boundary handlersConfiguration module

Caching Strategies (Redis)

essential

Cache-aside, write-through, TTL, cache stampede mitigation, Redis data types.

Redis strings & hashesPub/SubEviction policies (LRU)Distributed locks (Redlock)
L5

5. Real Projects

Build robust backends tested under real stress.

Multi-Tenant Auth & RBAC Microservice

essential

Token revocation, brute force rate limiter, magic links, audit log.

Token blacklistingSliding window rate limitAudit trails

Distributed URL Shortener

essential

Base62 encoding, read-heavy caching, Redis bloom filters, analytics queue.

Base62 hashingBloom filterAsynchronous logging
L6

6. Advanced

Distributed systems, message queues, and high availability.

Message Brokers (Kafka / RabbitMQ)

essential

Producer-consumer pattern, consumer groups, partition keys, dead letter queues (DLQ).

At-least-once deliveryEvent sourcingIdempotent consumersBackpressure

Database Scaling & Sharding

essential

Read replicas, connection pooling (PgBouncer), horizontal sharding, two-phase commit.

Consistent hashingReplication lagWrite-ahead logging (WAL)Partition keys
L7

7. Interview Prep

System design drills, database concurrency, and live coding.

Large-scale System Design

essential

Designing Rate Limiter, Notification Service, Key-Value Store, Ticketmaster.

Capacity estimationHigh-level diagramsFailure modesCAP trade-offs

Concurrency & Race Conditions

essential

Deadlocks, optimistic vs pessimistic locking, select for update, idempotency keys.

Optimistic lockingDistributed transactionsIdempotencyAtomic operations

Hands-on Portfolio Projects for this Roadmap

High-throughput URL Shortener with Redis Cache
Real-time Chat Engine with WebSockets & Redis Pub/Sub
E-Commerce Flash Sale Service with Inventory Locking
Automated Video Transcoding Pipeline with SQS & Workers